What is an angioplasty?
An angioplasty is one of the methods of treating peripheral vascular disease. It improves blood flow to distal vessels (the vessels past the blockage), by reopening narrowed or blocked sections of peripheral arteries using a small balloon. The balloon is then deflated and is withdrawn from the vessel.
The procedure is similar to an angiogram and will usually take 50 minutes to an hour.
To perform the angioplasty the doctor will insert a small balloon catheter which is moved along the artery.
When it reaches the narrowed portion of the artery the balloon will be inflated and deflated several times.
The inflated balloon compresses and splits the fatty deposits (which have narrowed the artery) pushing them out to the sides. The internal diameter of the artery will be enlarged, allowing improved blood flow.
The doctor will inform you when the balloon is inflated as you may experience some discomfort while the blood flow is interrupted. This should stop when the balloon is deflated.
The procedure is competed when the doctor decides that the artery is open and has achieved a good blood flow.
The catheter is then removed. The plastic sheath is removed from the groin and pressure is applied for 10 – 15 minutes, so that a seal can form at the puncture site.
Why is an angioplasty performed?
An angioplasty is performed to unblock a vein or an artery which has been blocked by plaque (fatty deposits on the wall of the vessel).